Physical Education & Yog (373)
Tutor Marked Assignment
Max: Marks 20
1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(a) Distinguish between exercise, physical activity, and fitness.
Ans- Physical activity is a movement that is carried out by the skeletal muscles that require energy. In other words, any movement one does is actually physical activity.
Exercise, however, is a planned, structured, repetitive, and intentional movement intended to improve or maintain physical fitness. Exercise is a subcategory of physical activity.
Research provides significant evidence that ALL physical activity positively contributes to overall health and well-being. Exercise also assists with the improvement of physical fitness, which consists of five specific components:
- Cardiorespiratory fitness
- Muscular strength fitness
- Muscular endurance fitness
- Flexibility fitness
- Body composition
This graphic from the American Institute for Cancer Research visually depicts the importance of both daily physical activity AND structured exercise (in relation to cancer indicators). Here, the green reflects structured exercise, while the yellow reflects daily physical activity.
2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 – 60 words.
(b) Explain the qualities of a physical education teacher.
Ans- Here’s what quality PE experiences share:
1. The teacher is qualified, enthusiastic, prepared.
2. Lessons are well-planned, incorporate a wide range of activities, and meet provincial
curriculum learning outcomes.
3. The teacher uses a variety of assessment and evaluation strategies.
4. There is an emphasis on student learning, personal success, fair play, and Personal health.
5. Activities are appropriate to the age and stage of development for each student.
6. All students look forward to physical education class.
7. Provincial safety guidelines are followed.
8. The school is fulfilling the minimum time mandated by your province for physical education.
9. There are opportunities to be physically active beyond the physical education time
(intramurals, extracurriculars, and school-wide initiatives such as a daily physical activity).
10. There are opportunities for student leadership development
11. The school has the facilities, equipment, and teaching support to provide a quality program.
12. Recognition through PHE Canada’s Quality Daily Physical Education Award Program.
3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 – 60 words.
(a) Determine the changes that take place in the cardiovascular system by doing regular exercises.
Ans- These include things like housing, financial security, community safety, employment, education, and the environment. These are known as the wider determinants of health.
Not all these factors are directly under your control but are part of the place you grow up, live and work.
It’s widely accepted that these factors contribute to significant levels of health inequality.
That’s why we’re working hard to improve things for Derbyshire residents affected by difficult circumstances such as unemployment, poverty, poor housing, and the risk of crime.
Social exclusion
People can feel socially excluded for a number of different reasons. Factors may include poverty, old age, mental ill-health, or a physical or learning disability.
This exclusion can have an effect on their health and ability to fulfill their full potential. We’re working hard to tackle social exclusion and help make health fairer for everyone.
Housing
Poor quality housing can have a huge impact on health. It can make existing health conditions worse, cause injuries and prevent people from reaching their full potential
Education
Helping young people achieve their potential from an early age, including getting qualifications to play a vital role in making sure they are healthy in later life.
Employment
Employment plays a big role in health as it provides financial stability, promotes independence, and is known to protect against physical and mental health problems. We’re working to provide people with as much support to get into work as possible.
We’re also working with local employers to help them improve the health and wellbeing Of employees as part of our new Healthy Workplaces scheme.
Planning
Good local planning can actively support the health of individuals and the communities in which they live, work and play. Read more about active design at Sport England
Transport
In a largely rural community like Derbyshire, transport plays an important role in helping people get to school, work, and leisure facilities, as well as health services.
While most people have access to a car, some people don’t and therefore public transport plays an important role in connecting people.
4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.
(a) Analyse the aspects showing that Indian society promotes participation of women in sports-Give 3 reasons in support of your answer.
Ans-
(a) Self-confidence must be developed in women.
(b) Female role model to be highlighted
(c) More time and facilities to be given to women participation
(d) Women should be aware of the benefits of sports. (Job opportunities, Personality development, etc.)
(e) Better safety measures to be implemented.
(f) Legislation regarding women in sports should be more flexible.
(g) Attitude of spectators and media should be motivating
(h) Women coaches should be appointed in more number
(i) Equal importance to be given to a female in sports
5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 – 150 words.
(a) Enlist the spinal postural deformities. Explain the causes of Lordosis and the precautions to avoid it. Suggest five exercises as corrective measures for Round shoulders and Kyphosis each
Ans-
Cause
Soft-tissue injuries fall into two basic categories: acute injuries and overuse injuries.
Common Acute Soft-Tissue Injuries
- Rest. Take a break from the activity that caused the injury. If the injury is to your leg, your doctor may also recommend that you use crutches to avoid bearing weight.
- Ice. Use cold packs for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day. Do not apply ice directly to the skin.
- Compression. To prevent additional swelling and blood loss, wear an elastic compression bandage.
- Elevation. To reduce swelling, elevate the injury higher than your heart while resting.
6. Prepare any one project of the following projects given below.
- Cardio exercise: Cardio can be any activity that gets your heart rate up, from walking or jogging to cycling or taking a fitness class. Regardless of the exercise, it is always smart to warm up with 5 to 10 minutes of light cardio.
- Weight training: You don’t have to lift heavy weights or even spend a lot of time on weight training at first, but you do need to lift. Your muscles will get stronger and the more muscle you have, the more calories you burn overall, which helps with losing weight.
- Flexibility training: You also need to have the flexibility to go through a full range of motion for each exercise. Stretching increases your flexibility and helps your body recover after exercise. While some people like to set aside a day to focus on flexibility, you don’t need a separate workout for this—stretching should be included in every workout.
Some people prefer to set a schedule with days devoted to just cardio or strength training, however, these exercises can be done on the same day or even combined with high-Intensity interval training (HIIT).
Beginner Workout Schedule
If you’re new to exercise think about these things before you start:
- Ease into exercise. Start with a simple cardio program and a total body strength training routine. If that’s too much, just start with cardio and let that be enough.
- Be sure to rest and recover. You may need extra recovery days to allow your body to rest and heal. It’s normal to be sore when you try new activities, but if you can’t move the next day, that means you overdid it and may need to back off your next workout.”
- Make it work for you. A typical beginner program will include about two to three days of cardio and two days of strength training. These workouts can also be combined if you do not have five days to devote to exercise.
- Learn how to monitor your intensity. Most beginners will start working out at a moderate intensity. That means you’re at about a Level 5 on the perceived exertion scale (PES) or you can use the talk test. If you can carry on a somewhat breathy conversation while you’re working out, that’s usually a moderate intensity.