Introduction to Law (338)
Tutor Marked Assignment
Max.Marks: 20
1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(b) A person has committed a crime and is an accused. State any two defences that can be used by the accused to negate the crime effect?
Ans- Insanity or mental disorder: It is the most common defense used by the accused at large to negate the crime effect. Here the accused is declared to be suffering from mental disorder and is not able to take any sensible decision as the accused cannot make a difference between right and wrong.
Intoxication: It is a state where a person in toxicated with some drug or chemical etc and that intoxicated person lose its control on mental capabilities. Thus, the focus of the defense of intoxication aims to declare the accused denial of mens rea, which means that the mental state of the accused was not guilty for actus reus.
Example, m claims defense for a crime because of drug overdose.
2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 to 60 words.
(b) A person has committed a crime and is an accused. State any two defences that can be used by the accused to negate the crime effect?
Ans- Right to Education: The Article 21A states that the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age group of 6-14 years in such a manner as the state may, by law, determine.
Gainst Exploitation (Articles-24) : prohibits employment of children below the age of 14 years in factories, mines or any other hazardous jobs. Any violation of this provision is a punishable offence in accordance with the law.
3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40 to 60 words.
(b) any two Directive Principles of State Policy that have been implemented after making amendments in the Constitution of India.
Ans- Two Directive Principles of State Policy
(i) In order to give effect to the principle of Article-39, various legislations were enacted by the government with the objective to organise the ownership and control of material resources to serve the common good. Some of these are:
(b) Minimum Wages Act, Income Tax and other Taxation measures to tax high income group and Provide exemption and relief to the weaker sections.
(ii) Through 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992, government fulfilled constitutional obligation stated in Article-40. Three tier ‘Panchayati Raj System’ was introduced at the Village, Bloc and District level in almost all parts of the country.
4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.
(a) Highlight any four benefits of the ‘Right to Information’.
Ans- The Right to Information Act, 2005 was enacted with the aim of bringing information to the citizens. The main reasons for the enactment of this Act (RTI) were increasing volume of corruption, unwanted and unnecessary delay in the work and lack of transparency in the functioning of Government and its Agencies.
The Right to Information Act empowers every citizen to –
1. The government can ask any question or take any information.
2. Take a certified copy of any government document.
3. Could check any government document.
4. Could investigate any government work.
5. Take a certified sample of the material used in any government work.
5. Answer any one out of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.
Ans- Right Against Exploitation (Articles 23-24)
Articles 23 and 24 of the Indian Constitution deal with the Right against Exploitation. The right aims at preventing exploitation of the weaker, vulnerable and underprivileged sections of the society. This right is in keeping with the objective of ‘dignity of the individual’, mentioned in following articles two of the Indian Constitution.
Article 23 places a ban on traffic in human beings, ‘begar’ and similar other forms of forced Labour. No person can be compelled to work without payment. But this does not prevent the State from imposing compulsory service for public purposes without any discrimination.
Article 24 prohibits employment of children below the age of 14 years in factories, mines or Any other hazardous jobs. Any violation of this provision is a punishable offence in accordance With the law. It is very unfortunate India-I that employing small children as domestic servants is A common practice in India. This type of exploitation by the rich is not strictly covered by this Article because domestic work is not considered ‘work in a factory’ Similarly, employment of Children in both the organised and unorganized sectors is so rampant that factories, shops, small Hotels or dhabas etc are flooded with the children of tender age.
6. Prepare any one project of the following projects given below.
(b) Identify the following statements as Fundamental Rights or Fundamental duties or Directive Principles of state Policy–and write the correct word in front of each statement:
Ans-
