Computer Science (330)
Tutor Marked Assignment
Max.Marks: 20
1.Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(a) What is CPU? How does it work?
Ans- The central processing unit (CPU) of a computer is a piece of hardware that carries out the instructions of a computer program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical, and input/output operations of a computer system.
CPU time (or process time) is the amount of time for which a central processing unit (CPU) was used for processing instructions of a computer program or operating system, as opposed to, for example, waiting for input/output (1/0) operations or low-power (idle) entering low-power mode. … CPU time and CPU usage have two main uses.
How does it work
a highly complex, extensive set of electronic circuitry that executes stored program instructions.
2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(b) What is network topology?
Ans- Network topology refers to how various nodes, devices, and connections on your network are physically or logically arranged in relation to each other. Think of your network as a city, and the topology as the road map. Just as there are many ways to arrange and maintain a city-such as making sure the avenues and boulevards can facilitate passage between the parts of town getting the most traffic-there are several ways to arrange a network. Each has advantages and disadvantages and depending on the needs of your company, certain arrangements can give you a greater degree of connectivity and security.
3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.
(a) Write the steps for sending an attachment in E-mail.
Ans- This edition of our easy-to-email tech support guides is all about email attachments. We’ll cover how to attach a file in both desktop and web email applications.
In all of this options-Gmail, Yahoo! Mail, Hotmail, Outlook, and Mail – you’ll want to keep an eye out for a paperclip icon, the universal image for attachments in email programs.
The process is pretty much the same for all email programs:
- Open a new email message window, usually by clicking the “New Message” or “Compose Email” icon or the CTRL + N keyboard shortcut.
- Click on the menu item with a paperclip icon that says “Attach a file” or something similar (e.g., “Attach Files”)
- Browse through your computer’s folders and click to select the files/folders you want to attach. In most cases, you can select multiple files by holding down the CTRL key while clicking on each file.
- Click the “Open” or “Choose File” or another similar button to Attach the file to your email.
- Then continue composing your email (put the email address of the person you want to send the attachment to in the To: field, add a subject and message in the body, and hit Send).
4. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100-150 words.
(a) What are the advantages and disadvantages of a GUI-based operating system?
Ans- The GUI term stands for Graphical User Interface. It is the interface where images are used to represent different choices. The choices are designed as per the requirements of the end-user applications.
Operating systems that support GUI interface include Windows, Linux, iOS, macOS, Android, etc.
The programming languages which can be used in GUI-based applications are VC++, C++, C#, PHP, Javascript, Ruby, Objective-C, Python, Perl, .Net, HTML, Labview, MATLAB GUI, etc.
GUI language usually includes elements such as windows, menus, icons, numeric/boolean controls & indicators, tabs, selection, graphs, etc. The same has been depicted in one of the GUI interfaces developed using Labview.
Advantages of GUI Interface :
Following are the benefits or advantages of GUI Interface:
> It requires just a click on the simple picture or image in order to use its functionalities.
> It is very easy to use by novice as it is user-friendly.
> Simple icon in GUI interface uses multiple instructions in the back end. Hence it is easy for the programmer to code in GUI languages (such as VC++, VB, C#, .Net, Labview, etc.) compare to other non-GUI-based programming languages.
> Programmer or user need not have to understand the working of the computer system.
> It looks very attractive and multi-colored.
> It is much better than a command-driven interface which has many drawbacks.
> User can switch quickly between tasks on the GUI interface.
> Full-screen interaction is also possible with quick and wholesome access To anywhere on the screen.
Disadvantages of GUI Interface :
Following are the disadvantages of GUI Interface:
> It uses more computer memory as the aim is to make it for use Friendly and not resource optimized. As a result, it can be slow on older machines.
> GUI becomes more complex if a user needs to communicate with the Computer directly.
> Certain tasks may take longer due to many menus to select the desired choice.
> Hidden commands need to be searched using the Help file.
> GUI-based applications require more RAM in order to run.
> It uses more processing power compared to other interface types.
5. Answer any one of the following questions in about 100 – 150 words.
(b) What are the benefits of using FOSS?
Ans- “Free and open-source software” (FOSS) is an umbrella term for software that is simultaneously considered both Free software and open-source software. FOSS (free and open-source software) allows the user to inspect the source code and provides a high level of control of the software’s functions compared to proprietary software. The term “free software” does not refer to the monetary cost of the software at all, but rather whether the license maintains the software user’s civil liberties (“free” as in “free speech,” not as in “free beer’’). There are a number of related terms and abbreviations for free and open-source software (FOSS or F/OSS), or free/libre and open-source software (FLOSS or F/LOSS FLOSS is the FSF-preferred term).
Although there is almost a complete overlap between free-software licenses and open-source -software licenses, there is a strong philosophical disagreement between the advocates of these two positions. The terminology of FOSS or “Free and Open-source software” was created to be neutral on these philosophical disagreements between the FSF and OSI and have a single unified term that could refer to both concepts.
Free software
Richard Stallman’s Free Software Definition, adopted by the Free Software Foundation (FSF), defines free software as a matter of liberty not price,[8] and it upholds the Four Essential Freedoms. The earliest known publication of the definition of his free-software idea was in the February 1986 edition[9] of the FSF now-discontinued GNU’s Bulletin publication. The canonical source for the document is in the philosophy
Section of the GNU Project website. As of August 2017, it is published in 40 languages.
Four essential freedoms of Free Software
To meet the definition of “free software”, the FSF requires the software’s licensing to respect the civil liberties / human rights of what the FSF calls the software user’s “Four Essential Freedoms”.
- The freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose (freedom 0).
- The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
- The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others (freedom 2).
- The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole community a chance to benefit from your changes. Access to the source code is a precondition for this.
Open-source
The open-source-software definition is used by the Open Source Initiative (OSI) to determine whether a software license qualifies for the organization’s insignia for Open-source software. The definition was based on the Debian Free Software Guidelines, written and adapted primarily by Bruce Perens. Perens did not base his writing on the Four Essential Freedoms of free software from the Free Software Foundation, which were only later available on the web. Perens subsequently stated that he felt Eric Raymond’s promotion of Open-source unfairly overshadowed the Free Software Foundation’s efforts and reaffirmed his support for Free software. In the following 2000s, he spoke about open source again.
6. Prepare any one project out of the two given below.
(a) You are preparing your assignment for your subject. Write your answers using the OpenOffice Writer software. Format the document by applying the font – Times New Roman, size – 12. Insert bullets in the document wherever it is needed. Insert a 4 x 4 table and write your basic details such as first name, last name, roll no, age, class, etc.
Use the basic character formatting tools such as bold, italics, underline, etc., in your document.
Ans- Input data : (write your answers using the Open Office Writer software)
GUI language usually includes elements such as windows, menus, icons, numeric/boolean controls & indicators, tabs, selection, graphs, etc. The same has been depicted in one of the GUI interfaces developed using Labview. (Font Times New Roman, Size – 12 )
Advantages of GUI Interface : ( Using Bullets in the document)
- Following are the benefits or advantages of GUI Interface:
- It requires just a click on a simple picture or image in order to use its functionalities.
- It is very easy to use by novice as it is user-friendly.
- The simple icon in the GUI interface uses multiple instructions in the back end. Hence it is easy for the programmer to code in GUI languages (such as VCH, VB, C#, .Net, Labview, etc.) compare to other non-GUI-based programming languages.
- Programmers or users need not have to understand the working of the computer system.
- It looks very attractive and multi-colored.
- It is much better than a command-driven interface which has many drawbacks.
