Biology (314)

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1. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words:

(a) Explain the term differential reproduction in two steps?

(b) Give any one point of difference between the following:-

(i) Prophase of Mitosis and that of meiosis?

(ii) Mitotic Anaphase and Anaphase I of Meiosis?

2. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) The three steps of unique formation in humans are Tubular secretion, ultra-filtration and selective absorption?

(i) Write them in the correct sequence of their occurrence?

(ii) Name the microscopic parts of the kidney where each of these steps occurs?

(b) Why does a cell remain stable when placed in isotonic solution? What happens to it if placed in a hypotonic solution?

3. Answer any one of the following questions in about 40-60 words.

(a) (i) Two men were claiming to be the father of a child named Mohan?

(ii) Suggest to them a conclusive method to identify the real father and name the enzyme required to make copies of a piece of DNA for PCR required in the process?

(iii) A farmer is growing transgenic cotton. How is it different from the ordinary cotton?

(b) (i) You ate a meal comprising pulses (dal) and chapatis (roti). In which parts of the digestive system would their digestion begin, and be completed?

(ii) Also name the end products?

4. Answer any one out of the following questions in about 100-150 words.

(a) (i) Describe the role of thin, and thick muscle fibres in the contraction of a striated muscle as explained by the sliding filament theory?

(ii) All tissues of plants require Nitrogen?

(b) (i) In which ionic form is it taken up by plants, and from where in the environment?

(ii) Mention any five organic biomolecules, which they synthesize using the nitrogen?

5. Answer any one out of the following questions in about 100 to 150 words.

(a) (i) The temperature in Delhi falls to even 5°C in winter and may go up to 45°C during summer but our body temperature remains at 37°C. How do we make it possible? 

(ii) Define the concept of homeostasis using the above example in a sentence or two?

(b) (i) Draw a sigmoid growth curve of a plant to show lag phase, log phase and stationary phase. Mention what happens to a plant during these phases?

(ii) Some wheat and rice varieties are kept at a lower temperature to flower in the same climate. Define this process?

6. Prepare any one of the project out of two given below.

(a) Collect ten plants of your choice, uproot them carefully, so that their roots are not damaged, and press them between fullscape papers, and leave under a pile of books. Now find out from elders, teachers, gardeners the common, and scientific names of the plants, and record their description as follows: 

1. Common name (Local / Hindi)
2. Scientific name
3. Description:
4. Roots
5. Stem
6. Leaves
7. Inflorescence
8. Flower
9. Fruit
10. Seed
11. Habitat
12. Adaptations
13. Utility/value – medicinal / cosmetic / ornament
14. Season when growing
15. Collection site
16. Month when collected
17. Any other notable characteristic feature.

You may use your book or botany book or internet to describe types of the above mentioned parts?