Nios Class 12th English Notes | For Theory Exam | Nios English (302) Notes

1. My First Steps

Sunil Gavaskar

Summary in English and Hindi

Sunil Gavaskar was born on 10 July 1949. Sunil had cricket in his blood. His father was a good club cricketer. His uncle, Madhav Mantri also played four officials tests for India. Sunil loved to go to his uncle if he could take once one. But his uncle refused to give any and told him that he must work hard and sweat to get India ‘Colours’. His uncle told him that there was no short cut to the top. He was also fascinated by many models he had and the large number of trophies he had won. What he liked most were the stumps bearing the autographs of the 1952 India and England teams, from the childhood. He wanted to become a batsman. 

हिन्दी अनुवाद – सुनील गावस्कर का जन्म 10 जुलाई 1949 को हुआ था। सुनील के खून में ही क्रिकेट था। उसके पिता एक क्लब क्रिकेटर थे। उसके चाचा माधव मंत्री ने भी भारत के लिए चार ऑफिसियल टेस्ट मैच खेले। सुनील को अपने मौसा के घर जाना बहुत पसन्द था और वह वहाँ उनके ‘इण्डिया टेस्ट’ वाले ‘पुलोवर’ निकाल लेता। उसे भारत के रंग में रंगने के लिए ‘कड़ी मेहनत करने’ की शिक्षा दी। उन्होंने उसे यह भी सिखाया कि ‘शीर्ष पर पहुँचने का कोई शॉर्ट कट’ नहीं है। सुनील उसके मैडलों और ट्राफियों से भी जो उन्होंने जीती थी, बहुत प्रभावित था। वह भारत एवं इंग्लैण्ड टीम की 1952 की हस्ताक्षरित विकेटों को सबसे ज्यादा पसन्द करता था। बचपन से ही वह बल्लेबाज बनना चाहता था।

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

*Passage 1 : 1 may never have become a cricketer and this book would certainly not have been written, if an eagle-eyed relation; Mr. Narayan Masurekar, had not come into my life on the day I was born (July 10, 1949). It seems that Nan-karka (as I call him), who had come to see me in hospital on my first day in this world, noticed a little hole near the top of my left ear lobe. The next day he came again and picked up the baby lying on the crib next to my mother. To his utter horror, he discovered that the baby did not have the hole on the left ear lobe. A frantic search of all the cribs in the hospital followed, and eventually located sleeping blissfully beside a fisherwoman, totally oblivious of the commotion I had caused! The mix up, it appears, followed after the babies had been given their bath.

1 शायद कभी क्रिकेटर नहीं बनता और यह किताब निश्चित रूप से नहीं लिखी जाती, अगर एक गरुड़-आंखों वाला रिश्ता होता; श्री नारायण मसुरेकर, मेरे जन्म के दिन (10 जुलाई, 1949) मेरे जीवन में नहीं आए थे। ऐसा लगता है कि नान-कारका (जैसा कि मैं उन्हें बुलाता हूं), जो इस दुनिया में मेरे पहले दिन मुझे अस्पताल में देखने आए थे, उन्होंने मेरे बाएं कान के ऊपरी हिस्से के पास एक छोटा सा छेद देखा। अगले दिन वह फिर आया और मेरी माँ के बगल में पालने पर पड़े बच्चे को उठा लिया। पूरी तरह से भयभीत होने पर, उसने पाया कि बच्चे के बायें कान के लोब पर छेद नहीं था। अस्पताल में सभी पालनाओं की एक उन्मत्त खोज का पीछा किया, और अंततः एक मछुआरे के पास आनंदपूर्वक सो रहा था, जो मेरे द्वारा किए गए हंगामे से पूरी तरह से बेखबर था! ऐसा प्रतीत होता है कि मिश्रण, बच्चों को स्नान कराने के बाद मिला।

Q 1. What did Nan-karka notice ?

Ans- Nan-karka noticed a little hole near the left ear lobe.

Q 2. When was the above cricketer born?

Ans- The above cricketer Mr. Sunil Gavaskar was born on 10th of July, 1949.

Q 3. What had happened when the babies had been given their bath?

Ans- When the babies were being given bath, they were exchanged.

Q 4. What is the meaning of following words?

(i) eagle eyed (ii) crib (iii) frantic (iv) blisfully (v) oblivious

Ans-

eagle eyed – being observed

crib – new born

frantic – hectic

blisfully – with lots of wishes

oblivious – not aware about something.

Q 5. Where was the cricketer found sleeping? 

Ans- The cricketer was found sleeping near a fisher woman.

**Passage 2: Providence had helped me to retain my true identity, and in the process, charter the course of my life. I have often wondered what would have happened if nature had not marked me out, and given me my guard by giving me that small hole on my left ear lobe, and if Nan-kaka had not noticed this abnormality. Perhaps, I would have grown up to be an obscure fisherman, toiling somewhere along the west coast. And, what about the baby who, for a spell, took my place? I do not know if he is interested in cricket, or whether he will ever read this book. I can only hope that if he does, he will start taking a little more interest in Sunil Gavaskar.

प्रोविडेंस ने मुझे अपनी असली पहचान बनाए रखने में मदद की, और इस प्रक्रिया में, मेरे जीवन के पाठ्यक्रम को चार्टर किया। मैंने अक्सर सोचा है कि क्या होता अगर प्रकृति ने मुझे चिह्नित नहीं किया होता, और मेरे बाएं कान के लोब पर मुझे वह छोटा छेद देकर मुझे अपना गार्ड दिया होता, और अगर नान-काका ने इस असामान्यता पर ध्यान नहीं दिया होता। शायद, मैं बड़ा होकर एक अस्पष्ट मछुआरा होता, जो पश्चिमी तट के किनारे कहीं मेहनत करता था। और, उस बच्चे के बारे में क्या, जिसने एक जादू के लिए, मेरी जगह ले ली? मुझे नहीं पता कि उसे क्रिकेट में दिलचस्पी है या वह कभी इस किताब को पढ़ेगा। मैं सिर्फ यही उम्मीद कर सकता हूं कि अगर वह ऐसा करता है तो वह सुनील गावस्कर में थोड़ी और दिलचस्पी लेना शुरू कर देगा।

Q 1. How did the nature mark him out?

Ans- The nature marked him out by giving a hole in left ear lobe.

Q 2. What did guard his identity?

Ans- The lobe guarded his identity.

Q 3. What would happen if Nan-karka had not come to the hospital that day?

Ans- He would have grown up to be an obscure fisherman as he was changed with a fisher woman’s baby.

Q 4. Where would he be living, if the identity hole had not been noticed?

Ans- He would be living somewhere along the west coast as he was exchanged with a fisher woman’s crib.

***Passage 3: Cricket, to use a cliché, is in my blood. My father was a good Club cricketer in his days and a keen student of the game. Even now we have interesting discussions on various aspects of the game and I have found his advice invaluable in the development of my career. And, as I have already said, “I have had the privilege of having a cricketing mother, who helped me to take the first steps in the game I have come to love”. My uncle, Madhav Mantri, who played for India in four official tests, though not very successfully, was a force to reckon with In first-class games.

क्लिच का इस्तेमाल करना क्रिकेट मेरे खून में है। मेरे पिता अपने दिनों में एक अच्छे क्लब क्रिकेटर और खेल के एक उत्सुक छात्र थे। अब भी हम खेल के विभिन्न पहलुओं पर दिलचस्प चर्चा करते हैं और मैंने अपने करियर के विकास में उनकी सलाह को अमूल्य पाया है। और, जैसा कि मैंने पहले ही कहा है, “मुझे एक क्रिकेटिंग मां होने का सौभाग्य मिला है, जिसने मुझे उस खेल में पहला कदम उठाने में मदद की, जिससे मैं प्यार करती हूं”। मेरे चाचा, माधव मंत्री, जिन्होंने चार आधिकारिक टेस्ट में भारत के लिए खेला, हालांकि बहुत सफलतापूर्वक नहीं, प्रथम श्रेणी के खेलों में एक ताकत थी।

Q 1. What does the author want to say by “cricket in my blood”?

Ans- He means that he was encouraged for taking interest in cricket by his father, mother as well as uncle.

Q 2. How was his father involved to make author a good cricketer?

Ans- As his father was a good cricketer in those days he always got valuable advices to develop his career as a cricketer.

Q 3. Who was Madhav Mantri?

Ans- Madhav Mantari was author’s uncle.

Q 4. What was the topic of their discussions?

Ans- They always have discussions over various aspects of the game.

Q 5. How was his uncle added a help to author?

Ans- His uncle always taught him that there was no short cut to the top.

Answer the following questions in 30-40 woulds

*Q 1. What did author’s uncle notice at the time of birth?

Ans- Author’s uncle noticed a hole at the left ear lobe. It was proved as the identity guard because due to this mark his uncle could identify him in the hospital when he was exchanged with some one.

**Q 2. Why has the author called the hole as guard?

Ans- Author called the lobe’s hole as a guard because it helped to prove his identity. The word guard has been used by author for the abnormality of sunil by birth. This hole provided him an identification. On being mixed up he was found by virtue of this guard.

***Q 3. Why did Gavaskar say cricket in my blood?

Ans- A human being learnt or enecouraged for a certain thing by its family people. Cricket in blood means the author was inherited the interest in cricket through his parents. His father was a good cricketer his uncle was a good test player. Most important, his mother who helped him to take the first step in the game. So it was true the cricket was in his blood.

Answer the following questions in 60 words

Q 1. What things did make sunil a cricketer?

OR

If sunil was not encouraged by his family people, what would he be in life?

OR

How did Gavaskar’s family members help him to become a good cricketer?

Ans- Sunil was a cricketer due to his mother’s encouragement. His father’s interesting discussions over the game, his uncle’s teaching about the success in life and force to reckon with in first class games, sunil was completely driven with the zeal and interest in cricket by his family people. So there was no way for being escaped from cricket. His father always told him about various aspects of game. His uncle was Indian test team player so he was very keen to let him become a cricketer. He always taught him to work hard for success.

Q 2. Was Sunil good in cricket from childhood?

OR

How did Gavaskar behave during match played in his childhood days?

OR

How did his friends tackle him during the wicket loss?

Ans- Sunil was a good batsman but he never liked got out whenever he got out he used to fight with the boys due to an obession. This fight took the game to an end that irritated all the boys. All boys cursed and called names to sunil. After some time boys decided that whenever he would bat they would appeal at a particular ball for getting out. All boys had to do this because during those days no other one had ball or bat only Gavaskar had bat and ball. Gavaskar used to fight and takes his bat and ball to the home.

2. Leisure

Summary in English and Hindi

In this poem, the poet expresses a sense of pain over modern man’s indifference to the beauties of nature. The poet wants to tell the significance and importance of leisure. The poet wants to say that we are always busy in earning and spending. We don’t have time to see the beauty of things or the natural beauty of the world. We don’t have lesiure or time to see the cows or sheep under the boughs grazing in the meadows. During the day the rays of sun look very beautiful. The rays of sun twinkle like stars in the water of the streams, but we have no time to watch them. We don’t have time to watch the beauty of nature. So we are poor because we cannot enjoy the beauty of nature, we can not stand and stare the free balmy gifts of nature. 

हिन्दी अनुवाद – इस कविता में कवि ने प्रकृति की सुन्दरताओं के प्रति आधुनिक व्यक्ति की। विमुखता पर पीड़ा की भावना व्यक्त की है। कवि अवकाश के महत्व के विषय में बताता है। इस कविता में अवकाश का अर्थ है वह समय जिसमें हम प्रकृति की वास्तविक सुन्दरता का आनन्द ले सकें। कवि कहता है कि हम हमेशा कमाने और खर्च करने में लगे रहते हैं और हमारे पास इस संसार की प्रकृति की सुन्दर वस्तुओं को देखने का समय ही नहीं होता है। हमारे पास हर जगह घूमती हुई गायों और भेड़ों को घास के मैदान में चरते हुए देखने का भी अवकाश नहीं हैं। दिन के समय सूर्य की किरणें बहुत सुन्दर दिखाई देती हैं। सूर्य की किरणों को नदियों के पानी में सितारों की तरह चमकते हुए दृश्य को देखने से हम वंचित रह जाते हैं। हमें खेद है कि प्रकृति की सुन्दरता को निहार भी नहीं सकते हैं। हम बेचारे हैं, क्योंकि हम प्रकृति के सुन्दर उपहार का भी आनन्द नहीं ले सकते हैं, क्योंकि हम रूक नहीं सकते हमें जल्दी होती है।

Read the passage carefully and answer the following questions:

*Passage 1 : What is this life if full of care We have no time to stand and stare? No time to stand beneath the boughs. And stare as long as sheep or cows. 

यह जीवन क्या है यदि देखभाल से भरा हुआ है तो हमारे पास खड़े होने और घूरने का समय नहीं है? खांचे के नीचे खड़े होने का समय नहीं है। और भेड़ों या गायों की तरह घूरो।

Q 1. Who is the poet of this poem?

Ans- W. H. Devies has composed this poem.

Q 2. Who ‘we’ in second line?

Ans- “We’ referred to human beings.

Q 3. What complaints are made by the poet?

Ans- Poet is upset because life io busy that nobody has time to see the nature’s beauty?

Q 4. Why does the poet use word ‘care’?

Ans- Care word referred to look natural beauty to enjoy them. The word ‘care’ referred to enjoy the beauty of nature.

Q 5. What do you understand by ‘stand and stare’?

Ans- ‘Stand and stare’ means people should take out some leisure to enjoy nature’s beauty and get releived from their sufferings for a time.

Q 6. Poet made a comparison between sheep or cows and human life? Why he did so?

Ans- Poet has made a comparison between animal and human being because sheep or cows always enjoy the beauty of nature but human being is not doing so due to their busy life.

**Passage 2: No time to see when woods we pass Where squirrels hide their nuts in grass Not time to turn at Beauty’s glance And watch her feet, how they can dance.

यह देखने का समय नहीं है कि हम कब जंगल से गुजरते हैं जहां गिलहरी घास में अपने नट छुपाती है, सौंदर्य की नज़र में मुड़ने का समय नहीं है और उसके पैरों को देखो, वे कैसे नृत्य कर सकते हैं।

Q 1. Who is “beauty’ referred for?

Ans- ‘Beauty’ is reffered here for the nature and for a girl also.

Q 2. What is poet requesting to look for?

Ans- Poet is requesting to look the squirrels who are hiding their nuts under the grass. He is also requesting to look how tall trees dance.

Q 3. How can beauty dance?

Ans- Beauty is nature’s Tall trees, green grass, grain feelds are nature’s beauty When air flows tall trees move green grass looks like dancing with cheer, fields with full of grain seem as they are smiling through movements. All these thing make us realize as beauty is dancing.

Q 4. What is the central theme of these lines?

Ans- Poet wants to express his feeling for nature. He is regretful that nobod can see the beauty of nature. He laments that nobody has time to the beauty.

(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});

***Passage 3: Not time to wait till her mouth can Enrich that smile her eyes began A poor life this if full of care We have no time to stand and share.

उसके मुंह तक इंतजार करने का समय नहीं है उस मुस्कान को समृद्ध करें उसकी आँखें शुरू हुईं एक गरीब जीवन यह अगर देखभाल से भरा है तो हमारे पास खड़े होने और साझा करने का समय नहीं है।

Q 1. What is referred for A poor life’?

Ans- A life that has no time to relax itself, a life full of misries, troubles, fatigue is a poor life. A life that can not realize the beauty is a poor life.

Q 2. Which thing enrichs the smile and how?

Ans- Nature enriches the smile that spreads upto the face.

Q 3. What impression does the poet has for nature?

Ans- Poet wants to express his feeling about the nature. He thinks that nature has soothing effect against all the worries and troubles of life of human being.

Answer the following questions in 30-40 words:

*Q 1. Poet has repeated Phrase “No time’ for six times in the poem. What Does he want express?

Ans- Poet has emphasized over the word “No time’ because he wants to show how human beings are getting detached from beauty of nature. He wants to show how busy we are that we can not give a relaxation to our eyes by the natural beauty. We are so busy that we can not see or enjoy the natural living beings activity as squirrel’s nut hiding, tall trees dancing or sheep cow’s grazing with a harmony in fields or meadows.

**Q 2. According to the poet, why is life so poor?

Ans- Life is poor because we have made it too busy to think over other various aspects of life. We always think to earn more and more, to pay our responsibility more carefully, to enjoy luxury of life but we don’t aware about the various richness of nature. We have everything but not the time. These days life has become materialistic, so poet calls it a poor life.

***Q 3. What beauties do you Find in nature?

OR

Which natural scenes have been described by the poet in this poem?

Ans- The poet has scatched various beautiful scenes of nature as :

(1) Poet standing under the trees.

(2) Grazing sheeps and cows.

(3) Lovely and beautiful forest

(4) Squirrels hiding their nuts in grass.

(5) Everywhere spreading joy and zeal in nature.

3. Reading with Understanding

Thimmakka

Summary in English and Hindi

The story shows the consciousness about the environment of a rural couple. The story is about a childless couple of Hulikal village in Karnatka-Thimmakka and her husband Bikkalu Chikkaiah. In the 1950s they decided to adopt children. The adopted children were 284 banyan trees planted by them along a 3 km stretch on a National Highway. Thimmakka’s husband was a disabled person. She had also to earn wages as a daily labourer. They dug up pits and planted saplings in them. Her efforts bore fruit and provide a green canopy for 3 km stretch. She has been justly awarded the National Citizens Award for Social Foresting from the Prime Minister. Their estimated price is Rs. 85 crores.

हिन्दी अनुवाद- इस कहानी में एक ग्रामीण दम्पति की पर्यावरण के प्रति सजगता को प्रदर्शित किया गया है। कर्नाटक के हुलिकल गाँव में एक निःसन्तान दम्पति की यह कहानी है-थिमक्का और उसके पति विकालू चिक्काहा 1950 के दशक में उन्होंने बच्चे को गोद लेने की सोची। ये गोद लिए बच्चे 284 वट के पेड़ थे, जिन्हें राजमार्ग पर तीन किमी लम्बे एक टुकड़े पर रोपा गया था। थिमक्का का पति अपंग था। उसे एक दैनिक मजदूर के रूप में मजदूरी करनी पड़ती थी, ताकि रोटी कमा सके। उन्होंने गड्ढे खोदे और उनमें इन पौधों को लगाया। उसका प्रयास रंग लाया और अब तीन किमी तक वे हरित आवरण प्रदान करते हैं। प्रधानमंत्री के द्वारा उसे सामाजिक वनीकरण के लिए राष्ट्रीय नागरिक पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया। उनकी अनुमानित कीमत पिच्चासी करोड़ रुपये है।

Read the passage and answer the following questions:

*Passage 1: In the 1950s, it was a Thimmakka, who tired her neighbour’s jibes directed at her childlessness hit upon the plan. “Why not plant banyan trees and rear them like our children?” she thought. So the lonely couple decided to plant trees. Thimmakka’s husband was a disabled person, hence she had to work as a labourer every day and did not have the time for much else. But firm in their resolve, they took great pains to dig pits on either side fo the road. Their next task was to choose suitable banyan saplings. They finally planted 300 saplings and put i up thorny bushes around, to ensure that the cattle did not eat up the tender trees.

1950 के दशक में, यह एक थिम्मक्का थी, जिसने अपने पड़ोसी की निःसंतानता पर निशाना साधते हुए योजना पर निशाना साधा। “क्यों नहीं बरगद के पेड़ लगाएं और अपने बच्चों की तरह उनका पालन-पोषण करें?” उसने सोचा। इसलिए अकेले जोड़े ने पेड़ लगाने का फैसला किया। थिम्मक्का का पति एक विकलांग व्यक्ति था, इसलिए उसे हर दिन एक मजदूर के रूप में काम करना पड़ता था और उसके पास ज्यादा समय नहीं होता था। लेकिन अपने दृढ निश्चय से उन्होंने सड़क के दोनों ओर गड्ढा खोदने में काफी मशक्कत की। उनका अगला काम उपयुक्त बरगद के पौधे चुनना था। अंत में उन्होंने 300 पौधे लगाए और कंटीली झाड़ियों को चारों ओर लगा दिया, ताकि यह सुनिश्चित हो सके कि मवेशी कोमल पेड़ों को न खाएं।

Q 1. Who was Thimmakka? Why she planted trees?

Ans- Thimmakka was the
receiver of national citizens award. She was the wife of Bikkalu Chikkaiah.
They were childless couple so they decided to adopt banyan trees as children
and to take care of them.

Q 2. What was Thin makka’s condition?

Ans- Thimmakka was very hard
working lady, she had to work hard as labourer because her husband was disable
to work. Her condition was very pitiable.

Q 3. How did their neighbour behave with them?

Ans- The neighbours used to jibe the couple for their
childlessness.

Q  4. Why Thimmakka
had to do hard work?

Ans- Because her husband was disable person, they
were very poor.

Q 5. What was her solution to fill up a void in her life?

Ans- They had taken out a
solution to fill up their loneleness by planting 300 banyan trees as their
children. 

Q 6. How many plants did she plant as children?

Ans- She planted 300 saplings of banyan trees. 

**Passage 2: Thimmakka brought water in pots from a long distance and
poured it at the foot of the saplings every day. During the rainy season she
poked at the roots of the trees to make them go deep and, as the area was not
fenced, she kept a constant vigil and nursed the plants for 10 years. It was
time spent well, as it gave her fulfilment and pride. Even as the couple nursed
the saplings, she was working in quarry for their hand-to-mouth existence. If
she could not go to the quarry they, would have nothing to eat that day. True,
her work was back-breaking, but she could not neglect the trees either. She
would go to the kudur road and attend to the sapling before the break of dawn.
And the trees, like children who live in an atmosphere of live and caring
responded to her call and grew up. Now in the prime of the lives, the 284 that
took root provide a green canopy for 4 km, nests for birds and prevent soil
erosion. They are also worth an estimated 85 per crore.

थिम्मक्का दूर से घड़ों में
पानी लाकर प्रतिदिन पौधों के चरणों में डालते थे। 
बरसात के मौसम में वह पेड़ों की जड़ों को गहराई तक ले जाने के लिए उन्हें
काटती थी और चूंकि क्षेत्र में बाड़ नहीं थी, इसलिए वह लगातार निगरानी रखती थी और
10 वर्षों तक पौधों की देखभाल करती थी।  यह
समय अच्छी तरह से व्यतीत हुआ, क्योंकि इसने उसे तृप्ति और गौरव प्रदान किया।  यहां तक कि जब दंपति ने पौधों की देखभाल की, तो
वह अपने हाथ से मुंह के अस्तित्व के लिए खदान में काम कर रही थी।  यदि वह खदान में नहीं जा सकती तो उस दिन उनके
पास खाने के लिए कुछ नहीं होता।  सच है,
उसका काम बैक ब्रेकिंग था, लेकिन वह पेड़ों की उपेक्षा भी नहीं कर सकती थी।  वह कुदुर रोड पर जाती और सुबह होने से पहले
पौधे की देखभाल करती।  और पेड़, बच्चों की
तरह, जो जीवित और देखभाल के माहौल में रहते हैं, उनकी पुकार का जवाब देते हुए बड़े
हुए।  अब जीवन के चरम में, 284 ने जड़ें
जमा लीं, 4 किमी तक हरी छतरी, पक्षियों के लिए घोंसले और मिट्टी के कटाव को रोकते
हैं।  इनकी कीमत भी अनुमानित 85 रुपये
प्रति करोड़ है। 

Q 1. What did Thimmakka do to take care of the plants?

Ans- Thimmakka took great pains to take care of
the plants by bringing water in pots from a long distance.

Q 2. What do the trees provide?

Ans- The trees provide a green canopy for 3 km,
nests for birds and prevent soil erosion..

Q 3. What did she do during the rainy season?

Ans- She poked at the roots of plants during the
rainy season.

Q 4. What was the result of Thimmakka’s efforts?

Ans- The result of Thimmakka’s effort was that the
plants grew into a green canopy for 3 km providing home to birds.

Q 5. What did the Thimmakka do for a living?

Ans- Thimmakka worked in a quarry as a labourer
for her living.

***Passage 4: Astronomers also believe that there is at least a small
amount of water vapour the atmosphere of Mars, and this would be helpful in
supporting life. Then, too, in 1887, an Italian astronomer, Giovanni reported
seeing marking on the surface of Mars that resembled canals. “could these have
been built by Martians in order carry water from the polar regions to the
desert areas?” scientists wondered.

Q 1. Which astronomer did see the marks of canals?

Ans- An Italian Astronomer Giovanni saw the marks
of canals.

Q 2. What did astronomers believe about the Mars?

Ans- Astronomers believe that there is a small
amount of water vapours in the atmosphere of Mars.

Q 3. Why could martians have done with canals?

Ans- Canals could have been used to carry water
from the polar regions to the desert areas by the Martians.

Q 4. When did Italian astronomer go to Mars?

Ans- He went to Mars in 1887.

Answer the following question in 30-40 words

*Q 1. Why did Thimmakka get the National Citizen Award
from prime

Ans- Thimmaka got National Citizen Award from
prime minister for social forestry.

**Q 2. How was Thimmakka’s
life? What did she do while caring for trees?

OR

What difficulties did Thimmakka face while rearing the
trees?

Ans- Thimmakka was leading a life which was full
of cares and difficulties. Her husband was a disable persson. He could not do
anything she had to do as a labourer. For childlessness she planted some banyan
trees. She had to face many difficulties while caring the trees. She had to
fetch water from a distance for trees. She had to put thorny bushes to protect
them from animals.

***Q 3. What is the similarity between Mars and the
Earth?

Ans- Mars is considered as a part of earth. It has
some similarity with earth. It has seasons as on the earth. It has a day almost
equal to our day here on earth. It has small water vapours in the atmosphere. 

Click on WhatsApp button coming on screen to Buy (Notes Guide)